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Mesopotamia (from the Greek, meaning 'between two rivers') was an ancient region located in the eastern Mediterranean bounded in the northeast by the Zagros Mountains and in the southeast by the Arabian Plateau, corresponding to today's Iraq, mostly, but also parts of modern-day Iran, Syria and Turkey.The 'two rivers' of the name referred to the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers and … There are also portions in southwestern Iran, southeastern Turkey, and northeastern Syria. Books. Each city and the sur-rounding land it controlled formed a city-state. The main sources I have used for the history of ancient Mesopotamia are: Roux, G., Ancient Iraq, Penguin, 1992, is a very readable overview of the subject for the general reader. Those were Ur, Lagash, Eridu and Kish. Soon there were other city-states. If the history of Parliamentary reform in the U.K. is any guide, in the political war between city and country the continued growth of cities ensure that they will win in the end. Modern Theories. ... No! In 2600 BC, King Sargon I of Ur built the first Ziggurat. The word Mesopotamia means "the land between rivers". developed their own governments, each with its own rulers. Mesopotamia (Arabic: بِلَاد ٱلرَّافِدَيْن ‎ Bilād ar-Rāfidayn; Ancient Greek: Μεσοποταμία; Classical Syriac: ܐܪܡ ܢܗܪ̈ܝܢ Ārām-Nahrīn or ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪ̈ܝܢ Bēṯ Nahrīn) is a historical region of Western Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent.It occupies the … But suffice it to say that in the showdown between country and city, the city wins. Also, wars over power were very common. The people who inhabited the region had no notion of the word. The cause for conflict in Mesopotamia was often over fertile land. Today this land is located mostly in the country of Iraq. Modern scholars disagree on why the first cities in the world rose in the region of Mesopotamia instead of elsewhere. Because there's a written record. What historians refer to as Mesopotamia is a region in present-day Iraq that lies along and between two rivers - the Tigris and the Euphrates. "Mesopotamia" is actually a Greek word meaning "between the rivers". By 3000 BC, the first city-state, Uruk, was built with Gilgamesh as its ruler. You see this explored a lot in some of our greatest art such as The Beverly Hillbillies and Deliverance , and the showdown between Enkidu and Gilgamesh Theories range from the ancient alien hypothesis to social or natural upheavals that forced people to band together in urban centers, to environmental concerns and even to forced migration of rural communities to cities. In the U.K. it proved unsustainable for a relatively small minority to exercise power over … Sumerian city-states included Uruk, Kish, Lagash, Umma, and Ur. legacies of Mesopotamia is the enduring conflict between country and city. The Babylonians, Macmillan, 1988, is, despite its name, a comprehensive and scholarly coverage of ancient Mesopotamian civilization up to the end of the Neo-Babylonian empire in the 6th century BC. One of the legacies of Mesopotamia is the enduring conflict between country and city. Babylonia, ancient cultural region occupying southeastern Mesopotamia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers (modern southern Iraq from around Baghdad to the Persian Gulf). A city-state functioned much as an independent country does today. Britain was given the area known as Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) and Palestine (modern-day Israel, Palestine and Jordan). Saggs, H.W.F. When people say Mesopotamia they are referring to a section of land in the Middle East between and around the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Ur was the largest city. They arose in two great empires, Akkad to the north and Sumer to the south. Each city-state was ruled by a king and the kings were often at war with one another. 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